[intro]Saleem Badat is Programme Director of International Higher Education and Strategic Projects at the Andrew W Mellon Foundation of New York. He is former vice-chancellor of Rhodes University. This is an edited version of his address at the commerce faculty graduation ceremony on the award of an honorary doctorate by Rhodes University.[/intro]
My discipline is historical sociology. Sociology looks behind and beyond everyday appearances. It tries to discover the deeper processes at work in society that maintain and reproduce, and or erode and transform social relations, institutions, and everyday practices. The historical dimension ensures that there is a keen awareness of the past and the present, how they intermesh, and create both constraints and possibilities for human actions and social change.
Alberto Melucci, the great theorist of social movements, conceptualises social movements as “a form of collective action” that is “based on solidarity,” that expresses the existence of “a conflict,” and that requires “the system in which (its) action occurs” to alter its structure.
The recent developments at the University of Cape Town and at Rhodes mark the beginnings of a social movement. It comprises students and academics, mainly black, but some white. This social movement is likely to extend to other universities, expand, and strengthen over time.
Those who constitute the movement are exasperated and angry at the slow pace of change in the institutional cultures, in the academic staff body, and in important aspects of the academic programmes of the historically white universities. Invoking the Constitution, the Bill of Rights, and higher education policies, they are demanding greater social justice in higher education.
Intellectual Colonisation & Racialisation
The renowned political theorist, Andre Du Toit, draws attention to what he calls the historical “legacies of intellectual colonisation and racialisation” at South African universities. He warns that colonial and racial discourses (and we can add patriarchy) stand in the way of “empowering intellectual discourse communities,” and that “ongoing transformation of the institutional culture” is critical.
In this view, social justice requires systematically decolonising, deracialising, demasculanising, and degendering our universities. This means that we have to engage very seriously with research, scholarship, learning and teaching, curriculum, pedagogy, and a host of other issues and their meanings in a society that must overcome its apartheid past and ensure human rights and justice for all.
While there has been some progress over the past 21 years in social justice at historically white universities, for example in access and success for historically disadvantaged social groups, the plain truth is that much has not changed in important areas and the pace of change has been very slow.
The historically white universities continue to be suffused by historical, class, racial, and gender privilege, and by images, symbols, names, traditions, customs, and norms associated with their colonial, cultural, religious, and linguistic origins.
Injustice Continues to Exist
Injustice rooted in beliefs, prejudice, and stereotypes, and chauvinism, and intolerance of people who are different in terms of colour, class, sex, gender, sexual orientation, culture, religion, language, nationality, and geographical origins continues to exist on campuses.
The historically white universities remain the tramping grounds of mainly those from privileged white and wealthy and middle-class black families, and comprise largely white and male academics. Despite the presence of many more black and women students, they lack a critical mass of black and women academic role-models, especially in senior positions.
On the one hand, those who are white and from privileged backgrounds experience the environments and cultures of the historically white universities as natural, feel very much at home, don’t see or feel any problems, and generally blossom.
These social groups are largely oblivious to the association of the current cultures with power, privilege, and advantage and how they disadvantage blacks and women in myriad ways, affront their dignity, and cause bitterness, anger, pain, hurt, worries, and anxieties.
On the other hand, those who are black and come from disadvantaged backgrounds experience the environments and cultures of the historically white universities as discomforting, alienating, disempowering, and exclusionary.
Diminishing Higher Education
These cultures exact a significant personal, psychological, emotional, and academic toll on black students and staff, compromise equality of opportunity and outcomes, and diminish the idea of higher education as an enriching and liberating adventure. They also impede the forging of tolerance, more fluid and new identities, reconciliation, non-racialism, non-sexism, and social cohesion.
It is painfully clear that the greater presence of black students and staff does not automatically translate into genuine respect for difference, appreciation for diversity, and meaningful social and educational inclusion, whether social, linguistic, cultural, or academic. As under apartheid, inclusion tends to be of a subordinate nature, with simultaneous exclusion in a variety of ways.
Blacks, women, gay and lesbians, and other historically disadvantaged or marginalised groups are expected to accept, integrate and assimilate into the discomforting institutional cultural norms.
Consistent, concerted, comprehensive, and sustained efforts to change what exists, to forge new inclusive cultures, and build universities that are genuine ‘homes for all’ have been lacking for one or other reason.
Long Overdue Changes
Some social groups and individuals have been content with the existing institutional cultures, unwilling or slow to appreciate how and what they are comfortable with and consider to be natural could be discomforting for others, and to embrace necessary and long overdue changes.
The responses to the movements at UCT and Rhodes are all too familiar and no less disturbing: the spewing of racist invective, patronising efforts to teach black people about the benefits of colonialism, and generally avoidance of the real issues.
‘Rhodes must fall,’ ‘Rhodes too white’, and the demand for changing the name of Rhodes University are metaphors for much larger and deeper issues. They are a reminder that there is unfinished business, that there can be no reconciliation or peace without social justice at universities and in the economy and society more widely.
Pretending that there are not major problems at the historically white universities won’t make them go away. Not addressing the problems diligently means that they will fester and undoubtedly explode in the future.
The students of UCT and Rhodes are to be commended for bringing sharply into focus the question of social justice at our universities. They do so not just for themselves, but so that future generations may have a richer, fuller, and better quality higher education experience.
The Rhodes students embody magnificently the university’s motto – Truth, Virtue, and Strength – and its slogan: “Where Leaders Learn!” They personify the Jewish sage Hillel dictum: “If I am not for myself, who will be? But if I am only for myself, what am I? If not now, when?”
A Time to Listen & Learn
It is a great mistake to treat the expressions of very visible anger on the part of black students and staff as ‘irrational’, as some white students and staff have been wont to do. This is a time to listen, and to learn about what causes the bitterness, pain and anger.
Those who are privileged are, unfortunately, not very good at listening. They do not recognise that their privilege is “an invisible weightless backpack of special provisions, maps, passports, codebooks, visas, clothes, tools and blank checks” that they “can count on cashing in each day.”
They assume it is their birthright to enjoy opportunities that others do not have, to exercise leadership, to set the agenda, define what are and are not problems, to propose the solutions, and to dominate in meetings and conversations.
It is time, in Martha Nussbaum’s words, for people so inclined “to think what it might be like to be in the shoes of a person different from oneself, to be an intelligent reader of that person’s story, and to understand the emotions and wishes and desires that someone so placed might have.”
Rainbow Nation, Aspiration Only
Telling black students and staff at UCT and Rhodes to ‘stop living in the past,’ that ‘apartheid is over,’ and to ‘forget the past’ when racism, sexism, prejudice, and intolerance continue to rear their ugly heads and undermine their dignity is not helpful. To imagine that we are a ‘rainbow nation’ is to seriously confuse aspirations with realities.
It is also an error for counselling personnel to think that therapy can overcome the pain and hurt that black students and staff feel. These will only come to an end when we eliminate the institutional conditions that cause the hurt and pain.
We displayed wonderful imagination, ingenuity, and courage to embrace democracy in 1994. Yet, we appear to blithely assume that the advent of this democracy would miraculously erase centuries of inequality and domination and other nasty legacies.
We seem to be unwilling to vigorously, honestly, and sensitively confront issues of privilege and disadvantage, of race, gender, culture, identity and language, and the fractures, wounds, hurt, and pain that exist at our universities and in our society. I greatly fear that if we continue in this vein we will hugely regret our reluctance to do so.
a wise man who wields his discipline in ways that make the everyday accessible
to thought and action
These are genuinely wonderful ideas in concerning blogging.
You have touched some nice factors here. Any way keep
up wrinting.
Hi there superb blog! Does running a blog similar to this take a
lot of work? I’ve very little expertise in programming however
I had been hoping to start my own blog in the near future.
Anyhow, should you have any suggestions or tips for new blog owners please share.
I know this is off subject but I simply had to ask.
Kudos!
If some one wishes expert view regarding blogging and site-building then i propose him/her to pay a quick visit
this web site, Keep up the pleasant work.
Hi there! I know this is somewhat off topic but I was wondering which blog
platform are you using for this site? I’m getting tired of WordPress
because I’ve had problems with hackers and I’m looking at options for another platform.
I would be great if you could point me in the direction of a good platform.
What’s up everyone, it’s my first visit at this website, and paragraph is in fact fruitful in support of me,
keep up posting these types of posts.
Every weekend i used to pay a visit this web page, for the reason that i wish for enjoyment, since
this this web page conations really nice funny data too.
Just desire to say your article is as amazing. The clarity in your post is simply cool and i can assume you’re an expert on this subject.
Fine with your permission allow me to grab your RSS feed to keep up to date with forthcoming post.
Thanks a million and please keep up the gratifying work.
Hi my friend! I wish to say that this post is amazing,
great written and come with approximately all vital infos.
I would like to see extra posts like this .
This design is steller! You obviously know how to keep a reader entertained.
Between your wit and your videos, I was almost moved to start my own blog (well, almost…HaHa!) Fantastic job.
I really loved what you had to say, and more than that, how you presented it.
Too cool!
Wow that was odd. I just wrote an extremely long comment but after I clicked
submit my comment didn’t show up. Grrrr… well I’m not writing all that over again.
Anyhow, just wanted to say fantastic blog!
This piece of writing is actually a nice one it assists new the web users, who are wishing in favor of blogging.
i m a italian shemale very femminine, with a free online live adult webcams always hard
CBD exceeded my expectations in every way thanks. I’ve struggled with insomnia looking for years, and after tiring CBD like https://www.cornbreadhemp.com/products/cbda-oil in the course of the first once upon a time, I finally trained a busty nightfall of pacific sleep. It was like a arrange had been lifted mad my shoulders. The calming effects were merciful after all sage, allowing me to inclination slow uncomplicatedly without feeling punchy the next morning. I also noticed a reduction in my daytime anxiety, which was an unexpected but welcome bonus. The tactfulness was a flash shameless, but nothing intolerable. Blanket, CBD has been a game-changer quest of my siesta and anxiety issues, and I’m thankful to keep discovered its benefits.
Coming from my investigation, shopping for gadgets online can for sure be expensive, although there are some principles that you can use to acquire the best bargains. There are usually ways to come across discount offers that could help make one to have the best electronic devices products at the lowest prices. Great blog post.
Thanks a lot for the helpful posting. It is also my opinion that mesothelioma cancer has an very long latency phase, which means that symptoms of the disease might not exactly emerge until finally 30 to 50 years after the initial exposure to asbestos fiber. Pleural mesothelioma, which is the most common form and influences the area round the lungs, might cause shortness of breath, chest pains, along with a persistent coughing, which may bring on coughing up blood vessels.
As I web site possessor I believe the content matter here is rattling fantastic , appreciate it for your hard work. You should keep it up forever! Best of luck.
Some tips i have constantly told men and women is that when evaluating a good on the net electronics shop, there are a few factors that you have to factor in. First and foremost, you want to make sure to get a reputable and in addition, reliable shop that has gotten great critiques and rankings from other customers and marketplace leaders. This will ensure that you are dealing with a well-known store that delivers good service and help to the patrons. Many thanks sharing your opinions on this blog site.
Nice weblog right here! Also your website so much up fast! What web host are you using? Can I am getting your associate link in your host? I wish my site loaded up as fast as yours lol
The multiple answer format allows a respondent to select multiple answer choices for a question
vente de mГ©dicament en ligne: kamagra livraison 24h – pharmacie en ligne france livraison belgique
vente de mГ©dicament en ligne https://kamagraenligne.com/# pharmacie en ligne france livraison internationale
Hi! This post couldn’t be written any better! Reading this post reminds me of my previous room mate! He always kept chatting about this. I will forward this article to him. Pretty sure he will have a good read. Many thanks for sharing!
What an eye-opening and meticulously-researched article! The author’s attention to detail and capability to present complicated ideas in a digestible manner is truly praiseworthy. I’m totally captivated by the scope of knowledge showcased in this piece. Thank you, author, for providing your knowledge with us. This article has been a game-changer!
Thanks for your blog post. I would also love to say a health insurance dealer also works best for the benefit of the actual coordinators of the group insurance plan. The health insurance professional is given a directory of benefits wanted by a person or a group coordinator. What any broker can is seek out individuals or even coordinators which usually best match up those needs. Then he offers his suggestions and if all sides agree, the particular broker formulates an agreement between the 2 parties.
Hi there would you mind sharing which blog platform you’re using? I’m looking to start my own blog in the near future but I’m having a difficult time deciding between BlogEngine/Wordpress/B2evolution and Drupal. The reason I ask is because your design seems different then most blogs and I’m looking for something completely unique. P.S Apologies for getting off-topic but I had to ask!
One thing I’ve noticed is that there are plenty of beliefs regarding the lenders intentions any time talking about foreclosures. One misconception in particular is the fact the bank prefers to have your house. The lending company wants your hard earned money, not your own home. They want the bucks they gave you along with interest. Avoiding the bank will undoubtedly draw the foreclosed summary. Thanks for your article.
Hey there! I could have sworn I’ve been to this blog before but after browsing through some of the post I realized it’s new to me. Anyhow, I’m definitely glad I found it and I’ll be bookmarking and checking back frequently!
Today, I went to the beach front with my children. I found a sea shell and gave it to my 4 year old daughter and said “You can hear the ocean if you put this to your ear.” She put the shell to her ear and screamed. There was a hermit crab inside and it pinched her ear. She never wants to go back! LoL I know this is completely off topic but I had to tell someone!
Hi there, just became aware of your blog through Google, and found that it is truly informative. I am gonna watch out for brussels. I will appreciate if you continue this in future. A lot of people will be benefited from your writing. Cheers!
I really like your wordpress template, exactly where do you down load it through?
Woah! I’m really digging the template/theme of this blog. It’s simple, yet effective. A lot of times it’s difficult to get that “perfect balance” between superb usability and visual appeal. I must say you’ve done a excellent job with this. Also, the blog loads extremely fast for me on Safari. Superb Blog!
mexico pharmacies prescription drugs
https://cmqpharma.com/# mexico drug stores pharmacies
reputable mexican pharmacies online
Hi, Neat post. There’s a problem together with your site in web explorer, might check this? IE still is the marketplace leader and a huge component of folks will leave out your magnificent writing due to this problem.
Today, considering the fast way of living that everyone leads, credit cards have a huge demand throughout the market. Persons from every area are using credit card and people who not using the card have made up their minds to apply for just one. Thanks for revealing your ideas about credit cards.
F*ckin? tremendous things here. I am very glad to see your post. Thanks a lot and i am looking forward to contact you. Will you please drop me a e-mail?
Today, I went to the beachfront with my kids. I found a sea shell and gave it to my 4 year old daughter and said “You can hear the ocean if you put this to your ear.” She put the shell to her ear and screamed. There was a hermit crab inside and it pinched her ear. She never wants to go back! LoL I know this is entirely off topic but I had to tell someone!
I was very happy to find this internet-site.I wanted to thanks in your time for this excellent learn!! I positively having fun with every little bit of it and I’ve you bookmarked to check out new stuff you weblog post.
After I originally commented I clicked the -Notify me when new comments are added- checkbox and now each time a remark is added I get four emails with the same comment. Is there any approach you’ll be able to remove me from that service? Thanks!
Thanks for your write-up on the traveling industry. I will also like contribute that if you are one senior taking into account traveling, it truly is absolutely imperative that you buy travel cover for older persons. When traveling, senior citizens are at biggest risk of experiencing a healthcare emergency. Buying the right insurance policies package in your age group can protect your health and provide peace of mind.
One more thing. I really believe that there are several travel insurance sites of reliable companies that permit you to enter holiday details and obtain you the prices. You can also purchase this international travel insurance policy on internet by using the credit card. Everything you need to do is always to enter your current travel particulars and you can begin to see the plans side-by-side. Only find the plan that suits your budget and needs and use your bank credit card to buy the item. Travel insurance online is a good way to search for a reliable company with regard to international holiday insurance. Thanks for giving your ideas.
You can definitely see your expertise in the work you write. The world hopes for even more passionate writers like you who aren’t afraid to say how they believe. Always follow your heart.
Do you mind if I quote a couple of your posts as long as I provide credit and sources back to your webpage? My blog is in the very same niche as yours and my visitors would truly benefit from a lot of the information you present here. Please let me know if this okay with you. Thanks!
Thanks for sharing superb informations. Your site is very cool. I’m impressed by the details that you have on this web site. It reveals how nicely you perceive this subject. Bookmarked this website page, will come back for more articles. You, my pal, ROCK! I found simply the info I already searched everywhere and just could not come across. What a great site.
of course like your website however you have to test the spelling on quite a few of your posts. Many of them are rife with spelling issues and I in finding it very bothersome to inform the truth then again I will definitely come back again.
Wohh precisely what I was searching for, regards for putting up.
My website: analpornohd.com
What an eye-opening and well-researched article! The author’s attention to detail and capability to present intricate ideas in a understandable manner is truly admirable. I’m totally captivated by the scope of knowledge showcased in this piece. Thank you, author, for sharing your expertise with us. This article has been a true revelation!
I was just looking for this information for some time. After 6 hours of continuous Googleing, at last I got it in your website. I wonder what is the lack of Google strategy that do not rank this type of informative sites in top of the list. Generally the top sites are full of garbage.
Porn site
Viagra
Buy Drugs
Porn
Porn
Buy Drugs
Porn site
Buy Drugs
Pornstar
Pornstar
Buy Drugs
Sex
Buy Drugs
Porn site
Scam
Buy Drugs
Porn
Scam
Porn site
Porn site
Sex
Buy Drugs
Scam
Scam
Sex
Viagra
Pornstar
Scam
Viagra
Porn site
Buy Drugs
Viagra
Sex
Buy Drugs
Porn site
Buy Drugs
Porn
Sex
Scam
Buy Drugs
Porn
Viagra
canadian pharmacy no scripts: canadadrugpharmacy com – canadian pharmacy meds
Buy Drugs
mexican pharmaceuticals online [url=http://foruspharma.com/#]pharmacies in mexico that ship to usa[/url] purple pharmacy mexico price list
Porn site
http://indiapharmast.com/# Online medicine order
Viagra
Sex
https://foruspharma.com/# п»їbest mexican online pharmacies
Buy Drugs
Sex
Pornstar
I thought it was going to be some boring old publish, but it really compensated for my time I will publish a link to this page on my blog I am confident my visitors will discover that quite useful
Scam
Scam
Scam
mexican pharmaceuticals online: mexico pharmacies prescription drugs – mexico drug stores pharmacies
buy medicines online in india: best online pharmacy india – indian pharmacy
pharmacies in mexico that ship to usa [url=https://foruspharma.com/#]medication from mexico pharmacy[/url] mexico drug stores pharmacies
Buy Drugs
Porn
Viagra
Sex
canadianpharmacyworld: canadian family pharmacy – canadian mail order pharmacy
Viagra
https://indiapharmast.com/# top 10 pharmacies in india
reputable indian pharmacies: mail order pharmacy india – top 10 pharmacies in india
https://canadapharmast.com/# canadianpharmacyworld
best online pharmacies in mexico: mexican pharmacy – reputable mexican pharmacies online
canadian world pharmacy [url=https://canadapharmast.com/#]canadian pharmacy meds[/url] canadian online pharmacy reviews
Viagra
Porn site
Porn
Viagra
Sex
https://foruspharma.com/# mexican mail order pharmacies
Viagra
Scam
Pornstar
india pharmacy mail order: Online medicine order – indian pharmacy online
https://indiapharmast.com/# india pharmacy
Sex
Buy Drugs
Sex
Porn
https://ciprodelivery.pro/# cipro online no prescription in the usa
amoxicillin 500mg price canada [url=https://amoxildelivery.pro/#]amoxicillin 500mg price[/url] buy amoxicillin canada
http://clomiddelivery.pro/# generic clomid without a prescription
https://doxycyclinedelivery.pro/# doxyciclin
Thanks for your article. It’s very unfortunate that over the last years, the travel industry has had to fight terrorism, SARS, tsunamis, bird flu virus, swine flu, as well as the first ever real global tough economy. Through everything the industry has proven to be solid, resilient and dynamic, getting new tips on how to deal with misfortune. There are always fresh issues and the possiblility to which the marketplace must just as before adapt and answer.
paxlovid generic: paxlovid cost without insurance – Paxlovid over the counter
Sex
buy cipro online: ciprofloxacin order online – buy cipro without rx
https://ciprodelivery.pro/# buy generic ciprofloxacin
Buy Drugs
https://clomiddelivery.pro/# how can i get cheap clomid online
paxlovid pill [url=https://paxloviddelivery.pro/#]Paxlovid buy online[/url] paxlovid cost without insurance
https://doxycyclinedelivery.pro/# doxycycline cheap australia
Viagra
Buy Drugs
Porn
amoxicillin price without insurance: buy amoxicillin online cheap – can we buy amoxcillin 500mg on ebay without prescription
Pornstar
Paxlovid over the counter: paxlovid cost without insurance – buy paxlovid online
Sex
http://ciprodelivery.pro/# buy cipro online without prescription
Thanks for the tips shared in your blog. Yet another thing I would like to talk about is that fat loss is not all about going on a fad diet and trying to lose as much weight that you can in a few months. The most effective way to lose weight naturally is by using it slowly and right after some basic guidelines which can make it easier to make the most from your attempt to shed weight. You may know and already be following a few of these tips, but reinforcing know-how never damages.
Buy Drugs
http://ciprodelivery.pro/# ciprofloxacin generic price
http://ciprodelivery.pro/# ciprofloxacin 500 mg tablet price
Porn
https://amoxildelivery.pro/# amoxicillin 775 mg
cost of cheap clomid [url=https://clomiddelivery.pro/#]can i get clomid pills[/url] clomid without dr prescription
Viagra
doxycycline 100mg capsules buy: doxycycline 2014 – order doxycycline without prescription
paxlovid cost without insurance: paxlovid for sale – paxlovid pharmacy
https://ciprodelivery.pro/# buy ciprofloxacin
Music started playing as soon as I opened up this webpage, so frustrating!
Viagra
http://clomiddelivery.pro/# can i order cheap clomid prices
Porn
Sex
Pornstar
Viagra
http://paxloviddelivery.pro/# Paxlovid over the counter
where can i buy cipro online [url=http://ciprodelivery.pro/#]purchase cipro[/url] buy generic ciprofloxacin
Porn site
Scam
http://doxycyclinedelivery.pro/# doxycycline price south africa
Porn site
buy cheap doxycycline online: doxycycline tablet price in india – buy doxycycline online usa
http://amoxildelivery.pro/# amoxicillin 500mg price in canada
http://amoxildelivery.pro/# buying amoxicillin in mexico
п»їpaxlovid: paxlovid buy – Paxlovid buy online
https://ciprodelivery.pro/# buy cipro
ciprofloxacin mail online: cipro pharmacy – buy cipro online canada
https://ciprodelivery.pro/# ciprofloxacin 500 mg tablet price
can you buy generic clomid pills [url=http://clomiddelivery.pro/#]can i get clomid without prescription[/url] cost generic clomid no prescription
Porn
Pornstar
Buy Drugs
Viagra
Sex
Viagra
https://amoxildelivery.pro/# amoxicillin without prescription
Viagra
buy generic ciprofloxacin: ciprofloxacin over the counter – purchase cipro
where to buy amoxicillin: amoxicillin 250 mg capsule – azithromycin amoxicillin
Pornstar
Sex
Porn
paxlovid for sale: Paxlovid buy online – п»їpaxlovid
Buy Drugs
Viagra
Sex
Sex
Porn
Porn site
Sex
Viagra
This is the proper weblog for anybody who desires to find out about this topic. You understand so much its nearly laborious to argue with you (not that I truly would want?HaHa). You definitely put a new spin on a topic thats been written about for years. Great stuff, simply nice!
Scam
You made some first rate points there. I regarded on the internet for the problem and found most people will go together with together with your website.
Pornstar
A lot of blog writers nowadays yet just a few have blog posts worth spending time on reviewing.
My website: analporno.club